Muhammad Ali Asif Javaid is currently pursuing his passion for medicine at the International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He is also an expert graphic designer.
The Crusades, a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period, were launched to reclaim Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule. Beginning in 1096 with Pope Urban II’s call for the First Crusade, these military campaigns spanned several centuries and involved various European powers, knights, and volunteers.
While the initial goal was to secure Christian access to the sacred sites in the Mediterranean, the Crusades also had political, economic, and social motivations. Despite intermittent successes, the history of the Crusades reveals that the Crusaders faced significant challenges, including military setbacks, logistical issues, and internal conflicts. Over time, the Crusades evolved into complex and multifaceted endeavors, leaving a lasting impact on European and Middle Eastern history, culture, and society.
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