Mr Abdul Basit Siddiq is pursuing a Bachelor's degree in Science and Business Administration from the Virtual University of Pakistan. He currently works as an SEO Executive.
Mango
The esteemed national symbols of Pakistan include the national fruit, the mango, hailed as the “King of Fruits.” Renowned for its yummy flavor and juicy texture, the national fruit of Pakistan holds a cherished position in the hearts and tastes of Pakistanis. Beyond its tempting taste, the mango holds significant historical, cultural, and economic significance. Embedded within Pakistan’s folklore, literature, and art, the mango substantially represents the lasting bond between the fruit and the people of Pakistan.
Historical and Cultural Significance of Mango in Pakistan
Mangoes have been cultivated in the South Asian region since ancient times. Mirza Ghalib, the renowned Urdu poet of the 18th century, deeply admired mangoes. When questioned about his affection for them, he mentioned:
“آموں میں بس دو خوبیاں ہونی چاہیئں، ایک میٹھے ہوں اور بہت سارے ہوں”
In mangoes, there should only be two qualities: one, it should be sweet, and there should be plenty of them.
This fruit has significantly become entrenched in Pakistani culture. Families and relatives come together to enjoy this fruit’s soft, sweet flesh. Mango also indicates affection and goodwill in the tradition of giving, adding sweetness to bonds and celebrations when exchanged among people. In Punjab and Sindh, mangoes are featured in numerous dishes and beverages. They are chopped into desserts and salads, blended into milkshakes and mango lassis, and used to prepare spicy pickles. These are just a few examples of the fruit’s versatile culinary applications.
Varieties and Economic Importance
The mango harvest occurs during the summer months, from May to July. Pakistan boasts an array of over 150 mango varieties, each distinguished by its unique colors, sizes, and shapes, and all rich in essential nutrients such as Vitamins A, C, and D. Among these varieties, five are the most common, renowned, and desirable: Chaunsa, Anwar-Ratol, Sindhri, Langra, and Dussehri. These varieties are extensively exported to meet global demand.
As the fourth-largest mango producer worldwide, Pakistan yields approximately 3 million metric tonnes annually, with exports constituting 5 to 6% of the total production. The United Arab Emirates is a significant importer of Pakistani mangoes. Prominent countries such as the United Kingdom, China, Australia, Azerbaijan, and Canada import mangoes from Pakistan as well.
Geographical Distribution of Mango Cultivation Across Pakistan
Mango cultivation blooms primarily in Punjab and Sindh. Punjab takes the lead, owning major mango-growing regions such as Multan, Bahawalpur, and Muzaffargarh. In Sindh, mangoes flourish in Mirpur Khas, Hyderabad, and Thatta. Although these areas are the primary hubs, mango cultivation also occurs on a smaller scale in other parts of Pakistan, including Dera Ismail Khan, Peshawar, and Mardan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
The estimated land area dedicated to mango production spans 103.1 thousand hectares, with Punjab accounting for over 50% of this total.
Conclusion
Pakistan’s national fruit, the mango, summarizes the nation’s rich heritage, culture, and significance. From its historical roots in literature to its role in encouraging familial bonds, the mango holds a special place in Pakistani society. As a significant exported commodity and a symbol of prosperity, its cultivation in regions like Punjab and Sindh sustains livelihoods and contributes remarkably to the nation’s economy. The mango’s enduring presence underscores Pakistan’s resilience and cultural vibrancy, making it an emblem of national pride for generations.
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